3.3.12 Entanglement and Non-locality

The uncertainty and non-locality of quantum mechanical phenomena result from the fact that all particles are always instantly connected through the Single Monad throughout space and time, or the inward and outward levels of time, which respectively produce the normal spatial entanglement as well as the temporal entanglement. Therefore, entanglement is the general underlying principle that connects all parts of the universe in space and time, but it is mostly reduced into simple coherence, which may also dissipate as soon as the system becomes complex. In other words: spatial and temporal entanglement is what defines space-time structure, rather than direct proximity. In this deeper sense, the speed of light is never surpassed even in extreme cases, such as the EPR and quantum tunneling, since there is no transmutation, but the object is re-created in new places which could be at the other end of the Universe, and even in a delayed future time.

Consequently, whether the two particles are separated in space or in time, they can still interfere with each other in the same way because they are described by the same wave function either as one single entangled state or two coherent states. The wave behavior of particles in each case is a result of the instantaneous uncertainty in determining their final physical properties, such as position or momentum, as they are sequentially created by the Single Monad, in the inward time level (for spatial entanglement) or the outward time level (for temporal entanglement), both of which are in fact temporal because both particles are instances in the one dimensional real flow of time. This uncertainty is due to the fact that the Single Monad, being a simple massless metaphysical entity, is always moving at the speed of light, which makes its momentum determined by p=hf/c but its position undefined at the present instant. When the instant -of the actual flow of time that is still creating the current frame of space with all its contents, including the interfering particle- passes, the wave collapses and its energy is counted towards the mass and energy of the particle.

Spatial entanglement occurs between the points in the internal level of time, while temporal entanglement is between the points of the outer level, so in reality it is all temporal since all the points of space and time are generated in one chronological order that first spreads spatially in the inner metaphysical level and then temporally in the outer physical level.

Therefore, and as we described above, the uncertainty in both cases results because, at every instance of the real flow of time, the position of one metaphysical point is completely undefined, and will be defined in the following instance. Thus, the collapse of the wave-function is automatic, even if no observation is made. Observation only gives us knowledge of the final state, as we also described above.

Normal interference is usually explained as the superposition of the two waves in as they overlap in space. According to the Single Monad Model, each particle, or wave, is made of a certain sequential number of monads which are coupled as a closed system, in a manner that gives the specific properties of the particle when it was emitted from the source, or since its last interaction with the environment. Therefore, when two particles meet and interfere in the usual way, this happens because they reflect two coherent states of the source. Nevertheless, even when these two particles, or states, are separated by a relatively long time -as it happens in single particle interference-, they will still be able to interfere as far as they are still coherent states of the source.

In fact, even when the two particles or waves meet in space, they are still created in sequence in the inner time level, so the only difference between normal interference and single particle interference is that the time that is separating the particles or waves is longer in the latter case, but this does not affect the result as far as coherence is maintained.

In either case, the final position at which the particle lands on the screen is determined by the inherent uncertainty, that accompanies the wave behavior of the particle along its trajectory, because at every instance one of its monads is completely undetermined, as we described above. This uncertainty is redefined after each interaction which is why it may subsequently lose its coherence with the source, while the final observation causes complete collapse of the wave function, thus revealing only the particle behavior, with a fixed position.

Therefore, any detection of the state of the particle will cause either decoherence or collapse, and cause the interference pattern to be lost, even when the detection is performed on the particle’s remote entangled partner, for example as in Wheeler’s delayed choice and quantum eraser experiments, i.e. even if the detection happens after the particle already passed through any one of the slits.