2.2.3 Temporality and Absolute Simultaneity

It is attributed that Ibn al-Arabi says: “Time is liquid space, and space is rigid time.” This fundamental connection between space and time goes far beyond the connection of the Theory of Relativity. Classical mechanics considered time and space as absolute quantities, in accordance with the common classical concept of simultaneity, where events which occur simultaneously in one frame of reference were considered to have occurred simultaneously also in all other frames. Special Relativity, based on the principle that light travels at the same finite speed in all directions and in all frames of reference, corrected this erroneous idea. Because space and time are dynamically connected, simultaneous events in one frame of reference are not necessarily considered simultaneous with regard to another frame of reference moving at a relatively high speed with regard to the first.

With Ibn al-Arabi’s re-creation principle (discussed in details in Chapter VI of Volume I), the concept of simultaneity will have even a deeper relative aspect. With regard to us, as physical entities living in the normal level of time, we could habitually observe many simultaneous events, whereas in reality there can be no two cosmic events happening at the same instance of the real flow of time at all. This means that at every instance of the outward normal level of time, space and matter are being re-created in one linear chronological sequence but in various layered levels of time.

The principal technical applications of Ibn al-Arabi’s conception of time and creation led to the Single Monad Model of the Cosmos, but the resulting Duality of Time Theory turned this model into innovative theory of cosmology, physics and mathematics. This remarkable breakthrough was realized expressing the duality nature of time in terms of complex hyperbolic geometry, which turned out to be extremely easy and straightforward, since it relies completely on the Euclidean frame, i.e. without invoking Riemannian geometry.

The perpetual re-creation in the inner level(s) of time implies that normal time is actually imaginary or latent with relation to the real flow of time that is creating space and matter. Therefore, this genuinely complex-time will define a new discrete symmetry that allows expressing the (deceitfully continuous) non-Euclidean space-time in terms of its granular Euclidean complex-time space, whose granularity is expressed through the intrinsic properties of hyperbolic numbers.

In this manner, the dimensions of space are dynamically formed by the linear flow of the inner levels of time, which has to be interrupted in order to make a new dimension. This interruption is achieved by multiplying with the imaginary unit, which produces an abrupt rotation, creating a new dimension that is perpendicular on the previous level, or hyperbolically orthogonal on it, to be more precise.

It is this subtle property, that is a consequence of the duality nature of time, that makes space-time geometry genuinely discrete and complex, otherwise if we consider all the dimensions to be coexisting together it will be continuous and real. This will therefore have deep implications on the various fields of mathematics, such as geometry and number theory, because complex numbers are now genuinely natural while the reals are one of their special approximations, that corresponds to the extreme theoretical case of infinite flat space without any motion in time. Therefore, not only physics, but pure mathematics has become relativistic, since it is now fundamentally connected with the speed of light that is nothing but the actual fractal dimensions of geometry as we explained in Volume III, that demonstrates the Ultimate Symmetry of space.

The Duality of Time Theory is capable of taking the fundamental philosophical observations to a new profound level, beyond the physical boundaries, because the most basic principle of causality becomes a consequence of this sequential metaphysical creation in the inner levels of time, and hence all the conservation laws of momentum and energy, because the whole Universe becomes like a standing wave, or a closed system of quantized space-time excitation, where any perturbation at a particular location will cause subsequent coherent synchronization in other locations. Moreover, because of re-creation, the conservation laws can now be applied in any isolated system, whose parts could well be separated in space or time, as far as they are entangled into one closed system. This will therefore explain non-locality without breaking the speed of light limit.

The Duality of Time leads at the same time to all the three principles of Special and General Relativity together, as well as Quantum Field Theory, including the first and second quantization, of energy and fields, and hence this “third quantization” of space-time itself will eliminate all kinds of infinities that are normally encountered in the current background continuum models, due to singularities in the ill-defined Riemannian geometry.