The Duality of Time Theory, that results from the Single Monad Model of the Cosmos, explains how physical multiplicity is emerging from absolute (metaphysical) Oneness, at every instance of our normal time! This leads to the Ultimate Symmetry of space and its dynamic formation and breaking into the physical and psychical (supersymmetrical) creations, in orthogonal time directions. General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics are complementary consequences of the Duality of Time Theory, and all the fundamental interactions become properties of the new granular complex-time geometry, at different dimensions. - => Conference Talk - Another Conference [Detailed Presentation]
Ibn al-Arabi's Concept of Time and Creation
According to what we have now discussed in this and preceding Chapters, the day as we normally experience or observe is the minimum period of time defined by the apparent full revolution of the Heavens around the earth (see sections II.12 and III.2). The original divine creative Days are single indivisible divine 'Acts', but in the observed time that we experience, we live only one moment out of each original Day (see section II.15). Therefore, the normal day as we know it is a collection of the moments from the different divine Days of the creative Week, after the processes of 'intertwining' and 'taking-out' detailed above. For this reason, the normal day can be conventionally sub-divided apparently infinitely, and smaller units of time can be conceived and measured.
Thus, the day is conventionally divided into 24 hours, and the hour is conventionally divided into 60 minutes, which are also conventionally divided into 60 seconds each. This conventional hexadecimal system can be traced back to the time of the Babylonians; it was used by many ancient civilizations and then transferred by the Arabs to the West. In recent centuries, some more scientifically measurable definitions of these conventional units of time were introduced, specifically for the second.[72] So this hexadecimal system is now internationally used, but after the second, smaller units of time are decimally sub-divided into 0.1, 0.01 etc., or 10-x seconds, where x could be in principle any number no matter how large (for infinitely shorter times).[73]
Ibn Arabi referred to these further conventional subdivisions of observed time in Chapter 59 of the Futuhat, which is entitled 'On the Inner Knowing of the (actually) Existent and Conventional Time'. Here the original divine cosmic 'Days of event' are the actually Existent Time (al-zaman al-mawjud) while the other time-distinctions days, years, months, hours, minutes and seconds are only conventional or 'estimated' (muqaddar). There he explains:
The (observable) 'days' are many: some are long, and some are short. The shortest day is the 'monad of time' (al-zaman al-fard) in which He is in a task (55:29), so that (indivisible shortest) monad of time is called a 'day' because the (divine) 'task' happens in it: it is the shortest and tiniest time, and there is no maximum term to the longest. Between them there are intermediate 'days', the first of which is the conventional 'day' familiar in customary usage, which is divided into hours, the hours into degrees, the degrees into minutes, and so on. That goes on indefinitely, for those people who also divide the minutes into seconds. Since it is ruled by (the principle of) countability, (for them time) is like numbers; and numbers are infinite, so this division is also infinite.
But some people say that (time) is finite, and they take this matter from the perspective of what can (actually) be counted or 'numbered': those are (the people) who advocate that time is an existing essence (because it is countable), and all that exists must undoubtedly be finite. But the opposing (group) say that the countable, simply by the fact that it can be counted, does not (therefore necessarily) enter into existence, so it is not described as finite, because number is not describable as being finite. This is how those who argue against the 'single monad' (or 'indivisible atom': al-jawhar al-fard proposed by the kalam theologians) contend, (maintaining instead) that according to the intellect body is divisible indefinitely. This topic of controversy among the people of intellectual inquiry (i.e., kalam theologians and the philosophers) happened as a result of their lack of good judgment and their (only) inquiring about the meanings of words (instead of what is actually real).
[I.292.3]
However, for Ibn Arabi this conventional division of time also has its divine origin. He first affirms that the celestial orbs were divided into 360 degrees due to the fact that the Universal Intellect (or the 'Higher Pen') was taught by the 'Greatest Element' (see sections VI.2 and VI.5) exactly 360 kinds of comprehensive divisions of knowledge ('ulum al-ijmal), under each of which there are 360 further divisions of detailed knowledge ('ulum al-tafsil), that is 360 times 360:
So each degree (of the 360 total degrees of the outermost, all-encompassing celestial sphere) includes all that it comprizes of the details of minutes, seconds, tertiary divisions, and so on, as Allah the Exalted wills to make manifest (of that detailed Knowledge) in His Creation till the day of the Rising.
[I.295.12]
After that, in the same passage, Ibn Arabi shows that Allah appointed twelve 'rulers' (wulat, s. wali), one in each of the twelve zodiac signs, which correspond to the twelve months in the conventional year. Also there are twenty-eight 'chamberlains' (hujjab, s. hajib) in the orb of the constellations (i.e., the twenty-eight houses of the moon) which correspond to the twenty-eight days in the (divine) month (see section III.2). Finally, in the same passage he also says that Allah ordered those rulers to appoint seven 'chiefs' (nuqaba , s. naqib) in the seven Heavens, one 'chief' in each celestial sphere i.e., the seven orbs which correspond to the seven Days of the cosmic Week. Ibn Arabi then adds that each one of those groups of spirits that are associated with the celestial spheres has a living human 'deputy' or 'agent' among us on earth [I.296.27].
Ibn Arabi even suggests a certain divine importance for the conventional division of the day into 24 hours, in the following passage discussing the different groups of the spiritual hierarchy of the 'Friends of God' (awliya ) in chapter 73 of the Futuhat [II.2.39]:
And among them (the awliya ), may Allah be pleased with them, (are a group of) twenty-four souls at any time, no more and no less. They are called the 'Men of (Spiritual) Opening' (rijal al-fateh): through them Allah opens for the people of Allah whatever He opens of (divine) knowledge and secrets. And Allah made them according to the number of hours, one of them for each hour.
[II.13.7]
Regarding the hours of the day and the two parts of it (the daytime and the night), and their observable variations across the year and from one place to another, Ibn Arabi says:
Then Allah caused the (observable, earthly) daytime (nahar) and the night-time by the existence of the sun not the (true divine) Days (ayyam). And as for what happens of (the observable) increase and decrease in the (length of the) daytime and night not in the hours, for they are (always) 24 hours that is because of the motion of the sun in the zodiac region which is tilted with regard to us, so the day becomes longer where it is in the high houses, and when it comes to the low houses the day becomes shorter where it (i.e. the sun) is. We said 'where it is', because when the night becomes longer for us the day becomes longer for others, so the sun is in the high houses for them and in the low houses for us. So when the day becomes shorter for us, the night becomes longer for them as we said. But the day (al-yawm) itself is 24 hours: it does not increase nor decrease, nor does it become longer nor shorter in the equinox place.
[I.140.33]
... Space Transcendence Read this short concise exploration of the Duality of Time Postulate: DoT: The Duality of Time Postulate and Its Consequences on General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics ...
... s we normally experience or observe is the minimum period of time defined by the apparent full revolution of the Heavens around the earth (see sections II.12 and III.2). The original divine creative Days are single indivisible divine 'Acts', but in the observed time that we experience, we ...
... n each celestial sphere i.e., the seven orbs which correspond to the seven Days of the cosmic Week. Ibn Arabi then adds that each one of those groups of spirits that are associated with the CELESTIAL SPHERES has a living human 'deputy' or 'agent' among us on earth [I.296.27]. Ibn Arabi eve ...
... so on, as Allah the Exalted wills to make manifest (of that detailed Knowledge) in His Creation till the day of the Rising. [I.295.12] After that, in the same passage, Ibn Arabi shows that Allah appointed twelve 'rulers' ( wulat , s. wali ), one in each of the twelve zodiac signs, which c ...
... ) in His Creation till the day of the Rising. [I.295.12] After that, in the same passage, Ibn Arabi shows that Allah appointed twelve 'rulers' ( wulat , s. wali ), one in each of the twelve ZODIAC SIGNS , which correspond to the twelve months in the conventional year. Also there are twenty- ...
... enter into existence, so it is not described as finite, because number is not describable as being finite. This is how those who argue against the 'single monad' (or 'indivisible atom': al- JAWHAR AL -fard proposed by the kalam theologians) contend, (maintaining instead) that according to t ...
... Rising. [I.295.12] After that, in the same passage, Ibn Arabi shows that Allah appointed twelve 'rulers' ( wulat , s. wali ), one in each of the twelve zodiac signs, which correspond to the TWELVE MONTH s in the conventional year. Also there are twenty-eight 'chamberlains' ( hujjab , s. haj ...
... Rising. [I.295.12] After that, in the same passage, Ibn Arabi shows that Allah appointed twelve 'rulers' ( wulat , s. wali ), one in each of the twelve zodiac signs, which correspond to the TWELVE MONTHS in the conventional year. Also there are twenty-eight 'chamberlains' ( hujjab , s. haj ...
... therefore necessarily) enter into existence, so it is not described as finite, because number is not describable as being finite. This is how those who argue against the 'single monad' (or ' INDIVISIBLE ATOM ': al-jawhar al-fard proposed by the kalam theologians) contend, (maintaining instea ...
... riations across the year and from one place to another, Ibn Arabi says: Then Allah caused the (observable, earthly) daytime ( nahar ) and the night-time by the existence of the sun not the ( TRUE DIVINE ) Days ( ayyam ). And as for what happens of (the observable) increase and decrease in th ...
... i.e., the seven orbs which correspond to the seven Days of the cosmic Week. Ibn Arabi then adds that each one of those groups of spirits that are associated with the celestial spheres has a LIVING HUMAN 'deputy' or 'agent' among us on earth [I.296.27]. Ibn Arabi even suggests a certain div ...
... L OF THE COSMOS: Ibn al-Arabi's Concept of Time and Creation by Mohamed Haj Yousef Search Inside this Book 7. Hours, Minutes and Seconds: According to what we have now discussed in this and preceding Chapters, the day as we normally experience or observe is the minimum period of time defin ...
I have no doubt that this is the most significant discovery in the history of mathematics, physics and philosophy, ever!
By revealing the mystery of the connection between discreteness and contintuity, this novel understanding of the complex (time-time) geometry, will cause a paradigm shift in our knowledge of the fundamental nature of the cosmos and its corporeal and incorporeal structures.
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Mohamed Haj Yousef
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