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Sources and
further reading.
The primary papers, research publications and philosophical texts used in the comparison collection. Each entry connects to an article where its role is explained.
Use your browser’s Find command to locate an author or title. Bibliographies within individual articles identify the claims supported by each source.
133 distinct source URLs · edition of 17 October 2026
A. Almheiri et al., The entropy of Hawking radiation (2021) ↗
Research review by developers of island methods; controlled models and remaining interpretational issues.
Used in 14 articles:C103 · C104 · C105 · C106 · C107 · C108 · further uses are cited in their articles
A. Bassi et al., Models of Wave-function Collapse, Underlying Theories, and Experimental Tests (2013) ↗
Research review by collapse-model developers; stochastic dynamics, amplification and experimental constraints.
Used in 10 articles:C126 · C132 · C138 · C144 · C150 · C156 · further uses are cited in their articles
A. Bilal, Lectures on Anomalies (2008) ↗
Chiral gauge anomalies and anomaly-cancellation conditions, including the Standard Model.
Used in 1 article:A. Connes and C. Rovelli, Von Neumann Algebra Automorphisms and Time-Thermodynamics Relation in General Covariant Quantum Theories (1994) ↗
Original thermal-time proposal; modular flow from an algebra and a state. The worked finite-state examples here are illustrative calculations.
Used in 10 articles:C004 · C010 · C016 · C022 · C028 · C034 · further uses are cited in their articles
A. Jaffe and E. Witten, Quantum Yang–Mills Theory, Clay Millennium Problem description ↗
The required four-dimensional continuum quantum theory and positive mass gap.
Used in 1 article:A. Kamenev and A. Levchenko, Keldysh technique and non-linear sigma-model: basic principles and applications (2009) ↗
Technical account of closed-time contours, response and nonequilibrium field theory by active developers.
Used in 2 articles:A. N. Whitehead, Process and Reality: An Essay in Cosmology (1929 edition) ↗
Primary process philosophy; concrescence, satisfaction and the many actual occasions. The linked scan is the 1929 edition, not the corrected 1978 edition.
Used in 10 articles:C006 · C012 · C018 · C024 · C030 · C036 · further uses are cited in their articles
A. Pozas-Kerstjens and E. Martín-Martínez, Harvesting correlations from the quantum vacuum (2015) ↗
Original detector calculations: switching, separation, noise and entanglement extraction.
Used in 1 article:Abhay Ashtekar and Jerzy Lewandowski, Background Independent Quantum Gravity: A Status Report (2004) ↗
Peer-reviewed review of loop quantum gravity: geometric operators, constraints and semiclassical questions; this is a quantum-gravity programme.
Used in 32 articles:C182 · C187 · C188 · C189 · C190 · C191 · further uses are cited in their articles
Abhay Ashtekar, Tomasz Pawłowski and Parampreet Singh, Quantum Nature of the Big Bang: An Analytical and Numerical Investigation (2006) ↗
Peer-reviewed homogeneous isotropic loop-quantum-cosmology model with a massless scalar clock and quantum bounce; not a theorem for every singularity.
Used in 7 articles:C235 · C236 · C237 · C238 · C239 · C240 · further uses are cited in their articles
Al-Ghazali, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, Problem XVII, English translation credited to Sabih Ahmad Kamali ↗
Primary translated discussion of causal necessity and departures from the natural course of events, including the cotton-and-fire example and alternative replies. This is the specified seventeenth discussion, not a summary of all Islamic accounts of causation.
Used in 1 article:Alejandro Perez, The Spin Foam Approach to Quantum Gravity (2012/2013) ↗
Peer-reviewed Living Reviews article; spin foams, simplicity constraints and semiclassical gravity amplitudes.
Used in 35 articles:C182 · C188 · C194 · C200 · C206 · C212 · further uses are cited in their articles
Ali H. Chamseddine and Alain Connes, The Spectral Action Principle (1996/1997) ↗
Published in Communications in Mathematical Physics; a spectral action yields gravitational and gauge terms for a specified spectral geometry.
Used in 56 articles:C205 · C206 · C207 · C208 · C209 · C210 · further uses are cited in their articles
Ali H. Chamseddine, Alain Connes and Matilde Marcolli, Gravity and the standard model with neutrino mixing (2006/2007) ↗
Published almost-commutative construction; finite algebra, fermion representation and Dirac operator are substantive inputs.
Used in 35 articles:C241 · C242 · C243 · C244 · C245 · C246 · further uses are cited in their articles
Andrei D. Sakharov, Violation of CP invariance, C asymmetry, and baryon asymmetry of the universe (1967; reprinted 1991) ↗
Primary paper record and linked publication: conditions for dynamical baryon asymmetry under conventional assumptions.
Used in 7 articles:C247 · C248 · C249 · C250 · C251 · C252 · further uses are cited in their articles
Andrew Strominger and Cumrun Vafa, Microscopic Origin of the Bekenstein-Hawking Entropy (1996) ↗
Peer-reviewed string-theoretic state count for a special supersymmetric black-hole family.
Used in 16 articles:C185 · C191 · C197 · C203 · C209 · C215 · further uses are cited in their articles
B. Hensen et al., Experimental loophole-free violation of a Bell inequality using entangled electron spins separated by 1.3 km (2015) ↗
Primary Bell experiment, including assumptions, data analysis and finite-sample statistics.
Used in 9 articles:C157 · C158 · C159 · C160 · C161 · C162 · further uses are cited in their articles
B. Russell, The Analysis of Mind (1921) ↗
Primary neutral-monist treatment of sensations, images, memory and causal organization. Modern Russellian monism is a related but different programme.
Used in 11 articles:C304 · C310 · C316 · C322 · C328 · C334 · further uses are cited in their articles
B. Schumacher and R. F. Werner, Reversible quantum cellular automata (2004) ↗
Original algebraic construction of reversible local quantum cellular automata.
Used in 1 article:B. Spinoza, Ethics Demonstrated in Geometrical Order (published 1677), adapted English text by Jonathan Bennett ↗
The complete adapted English text, with Bennett’s editorial additions marked. Part I concerns substance and modes, Part II mind and body, Part III conatus, and Part V eternity.
Used in 11 articles:C303 · C309 · C315 · C321 · C327 · C333 · further uses are cited in their articles
Bharat Ratra and P. J. E. Peebles, Cosmological consequences of a rolling homogeneous scalar field (1988) ↗
Original dynamical scalar-field cosmology; explicit field stress and evolution.
Used in 2 articles:Brian Swingle, Entanglement Renormalization and Holography (2012) ↗
Original connection between entanglement renormalization and emergent holographic geometry.
Used in 3 articles:Bruno Nachtergaele and Robert Sims, Lieb-Robinson Bounds and the Exponential Clustering Theorem (2006) ↗
Peer-reviewed mathematical bounds for local quantum interactions on metric sets; locality assumptions precede the bound.
Used in 15 articles:C211 · C212 · C213 · C214 · C215 · C216 · further uses are cited in their articles
C. A. Fuchs, N. D. Mermin and R. Schack, An Introduction to QBism with an Application to the Locality of Quantum Mechanics (2014) ↗
Authors’ account of QBism and its personal probability interpretation.
Used in 10 articles:C125 · C131 · C137 · C143 · C149 · C155 · further uses are cited in their articles
C. D. Broad, Scientific Thought (1923) ↗
Primary philosophical text, chapter II: becoming and the reality of the past.
Used in 10 articles:C002 · C008 · C014 · C020 · C026 · C032 · further uses are cited in their articles
C. Marletto and V. Vedral, Gravitationally-induced entanglement between two massive particles is sufficient evidence of quantum effects in gravity (2017) ↗
Original mediator-witness argument; interpretation assumes local mediation and exclusion of other entangling channels.
Used in 1 article:Carlo Rovelli, Relational Quantum Mechanics (1996) ↗
Original interpretation: states and facts relative to interacting physical systems.
Used in 10 articles:C124 · C130 · C136 · C142 · C148 · C154 · further uses are cited in their articles
Chris J. Isham, Canonical Quantum Gravity and the Problem of Time (1992) ↗
Author review of time, constraints and relational observables in canonical quantum gravity.
Used in 1 article:Christopher Jarzynski, Nonequilibrium Equality for Free Energy Differences (1997) ↗
Original work fluctuation identity with equilibrium preparation and prescribed protocol assumptions.
Used in 2 articles:Clifford M. Will, The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment (2014) ↗
Peer-reviewed Living Reviews article; equivalence principle, metric theories, post-Newtonian benchmarks and experimental methodology.
Used in 40 articles:C181 · C187 · C193 · C194 · C195 · C196 · further uses are cited in their articles
COGITATE Consortium et al., Adversarial testing of global neuronal workspace and integrated information theories of consciousness (2025) ↗
Original preregistered adversarial empirical study, Nature 642, 133–142; published online 30 April 2025.
Used in 3 articles:D. Dürr, S. Goldstein and N. Zanghì, Quantum Equilibrium and the Origin of Absolute Uncertainty (1992) ↗
Original Bohmian quantum-equilibrium analysis, published in Journal of Statistical Physics.
Used in 10 articles:C123 · C129 · C135 · C141 · C147 · C153 · further uses are cited in their articles
D. J. C. MacKay, Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms (2003) ↗
Author’s textbook in a university-hosted copy; probability, information and Bayesian model comparison.
Used in 1 article:D. V. Else, B. Bauer and C. Nayak, Floquet Time Crystals (2016) ↗
Discrete time-translation symmetry breaking in driven many-body systems.
Used in 1 article:Daniel Baumann, TASI Lectures on Inflation (2009) ↗
Author’s technical derivation of inflationary background and scalar/tensor perturbations.
Used in 28 articles:C065 · C071 · C077 · C083 · C089 · C091 · further uses are cited in their articles
DESI Collaboration, DESI DR2 Results II: Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations and Cosmological Constraints (2025) ↗
Primary DR2 BAO and combined cosmological inference; dataset-dependent evidence for evolving dark energy, not discovery of a specific mechanism.
Used in 8 articles:C079 · C080 · C081 · C082 · C083 · C084 · further uses are cited in their articles
DESI Collaboration, DESI DR2 Results: March 19 Guide (19 March 2025) ↗
Official dated release guide and links to the collaboration papers.
Used in 1 article:Don N. Page and William K. Wootters, Evolution without evolution: Dynamics described by stationary observables (1983) ↗
Primary conditional-state formulation of dynamics relative to clock observables.
Used in 4 articles:E. B. Davies and J. T. Lewis, An operational approach to quantum probability (1970) ↗
Original quantum-instrument framework; measurement probabilities and conditional operations.
Used in 66 articles:C121 · C122 · C123 · C124 · C125 · C126 · further uses are cited in their articles
E. Husserl, The Phenomenology of Internal Time-Consciousness, translated by J. S. Churchill (1964) ↗
Primary phenomenological lectures; retention, primal impression and protention. These are intentional structures, not clock coordinates.
Used in 1 article:E. Knill and R. Laflamme, A Theory of Quantum Error-Correcting Codes (1996; published 1997) ↗
Original necessary and sufficient conditions for exact quantum error correction.
Used in 11 articles:C175 · C176 · C177 · C178 · C179 · C180 · further uses are cited in their articles
E. P. Hoel, L. Albantakis and G. Tononi, Quantifying causal emergence shows that macro can beat micro (2013) ↗
Original effective-information measure of causal emergence; dependence on interventions and coarse graining matters.
Used in 1 article:E. Riehl, Category Theory in Context (author’s second-edition text; first edition 2016) ↗
Author-hosted textbook on universal properties and initial objects. The linked PDF identifies itself as a second edition adapted from the 2016 first edition; our counterexample in Set is worked independently.
Used in 2 articles:Erik Verlinde, On the Origin of Gravity and the Laws of Newton (2010/2011) ↗
Published entropic-gravity proposal; entropy, temperature and screen assumptions are separate physical inputs.
Used in 10 articles:C186 · C192 · C198 · C204 · C210 · C216 · further uses are cited in their articles
Esteban Castro-Ruiz, Flaminia Giacomini, Alessio Belenchia and Časlav Brukner, Quantum clocks and the temporal localisability of events in the presence of gravitating quantum systems (2020) ↗
Peer-reviewed Nature Communications framework for events conditional on interacting quantum-clock readings.
Used in 6 articles:F. A. Pollock et al., Operational Markov condition for quantum processes (2018) ↗
Original intervention-based Markov criterion and process-tensor framework.
Used in 35 articles:C121 · C122 · C123 · C124 · C125 · C126 · further uses are cited in their articles
Fabio Costa and Sally Shrapnel, Quantum causal modelling (2016) ↗
Original quantum causal-model framework; operational interventions and causal structure.
Used in 8 articles:C157 · C158 · C159 · C160 · C161 · C162 · further uses are cited in their articles
Felix Finster, Causal Fermion Systems — An Overview (2015/2016) ↗
Author review defining the Hilbert-space, operator and measure framework and causal action programme.
Used in 1 article:Flaminia Giacomini, Esteban Castro-Ruiz and Časlav Brukner, Quantum mechanics and the covariance of physical laws in quantum reference frames (2019) ↗
Peer-reviewed quantum reference-frame transformations; relational descriptions need not posit extra physical times.
Used in 1 article:Frank Saueressig, The Functional Renormalization Group in Quantum Gravity (2023) ↗
Author handbook chapter on the functional flow equation, truncations and asymptotic safety as a candidate ultraviolet completion.
Used in 7 articles:C289 · C290 · C291 · C292 · C293 · C294 · further uses are cited in their articles
G. A. Mashour, P. R. Roelfsema, J.-P. Changeux and S. Dehaene, Conscious Processing and the Global Neuronal Workspace Hypothesis (2020) ↗
Theory-author exposition of access, ignition and broadcasting; empirical claims are separate from a metaphysical identity of consciousness.
Used in 1 article:G. C. Wick, A. S. Wightman and E. P. Wigner, The Intrinsic Parity of Elementary Particles (1952) ↗
Original superselection discussion. The block-diagonal observable example here is an independently worked algebraic illustration.
Used in 1 article:G. Longo and M. Montévil, Protention and retention in biological systems (2010 preprint; published 2011) ↗
Original mathematical proposal for an extended present in biological systems, published in Theory in Biosciences 130(2), 107–117 (2011); the linked arXiv version was revised in 2012. It is not a derivation of consciousness.
Used in 1 article:G. W. Gibbons and S. W. Hawking, Cosmological event horizons, thermodynamics, and particle creation (1977) ↗
Original de Sitter horizon temperature and thermodynamic analysis.
Used in 2 articles:G. W. Leibniz, Monadology (1714), adapted English text by Jonathan Bennett ↗
Primary philosophical text, especially §§1–17, 22–30, 38–42 and 56–62; plurality of monads, perception and pre-established harmony.
Used in 10 articles:C302 · C308 · C314 · C320 · C326 · C332 · further uses are cited in their articles
Geoff Penington, Entanglement Wedge Reconstruction and the Information Paradox (2019; published 2020) ↗
Original quantum-extremal-surface analysis in controlled holographic settings.
Used in 7 articles:C115 · C116 · C117 · C118 · C119 · C120 · further uses are cited in their articles
Gerhart Lüders, Proof of the TCP theorem (1957) ↗
Original theorem under relativistic local quantum-field assumptions; does not imply separate T invariance.
Used in 1 article:H. Minkowski, Space and Time (1908), English translation in The Principle of Relativity ↗
Primary relativity texts; geometrical spacetime does not alone decide the metaphysics of temporal passage.
Used in 10 articles:C003 · C009 · C015 · C021 · C027 · C033 · further uses are cited in their articles
H. Watanabe and M. Oshikawa, Absence of Quantum Time Crystals (2015) ↗
The equilibrium no-go theorem under its stated interaction and equilibrium assumptions.
Used in 1 article:H.-P. Breuer, E.-M. Laine and J. Piilo, Measure for the Degree of Non-Markovian Behavior of Quantum Processes in Open Systems (2009) ↗
Original trace-distance information-backflow witness; not a universal replacement for multi-time Markov criteria.
Used in 1 article:Henrique Gomes, Sean Gryb and Tim Koslowski, Einstein gravity as a 3D conformally invariant theory (2011) ↗
Peer-reviewed shape-dynamics construction; equivalence to general relativity depends on the appropriate gauge and sector.
Used in 1 article:Hugh Everett III, “Relative State” Formulation of Quantum Mechanics (1957) ↗
Original relative-state interpretation; universal unitary evolution.
Used in 10 articles:C122 · C128 · C134 · C140 · C146 · C152 · further uses are cited in their articles
I. Bars, Two-Time Physics (1998; revised 2005) ↗
The SO(d,2) and Sp(2) constrained framework and its gauge-related one-time descriptions.
Used in 1 article:I. Shani and J. Keppler, Beyond Combination: How Cosmic Consciousness Grounds Ordinary Experience (2018) ↗
Original cosmopsychist proposal. Its proposed vacuum interpretation is not an experimentally established property of quantum fields.
Used in 1 article:I. Shani, Cosmopsychism: A Holistic Approach to the Metaphysics of Experience (2015) ↗
Original philosophical proposal; cosmic experiential priority and the individuation problem.
Used in 11 articles:C306 · C312 · C318 · C324 · C330 · C336 · further uses are cited in their articles
J. Ambjørn, J. Jurkiewicz and R. Loll, Spectral Dimension of the Universe (2005) ↗
Peer-reviewed numerical CDT study of diffusion dimension; its reported dimensional flow is a model result, not an experimental measurement of spacetime.
Used in 23 articles:C181 · C182 · C183 · C184 · C185 · C186 · further uses are cited in their articles
J. B. Hartle and S. W. Hawking, Wave function of the Universe (1983) ↗
Original no-boundary quantum-cosmology proposal; a state prescription, not empirical proof of creation from nothing.
Used in 1 article:J. Cotler and F. Wilczek, Entangled Histories (2016) ↗
Original history-state formalism and temporal quantum correlations.
Used in 2 articles:J. E. McTaggart, The Unreality of Time (1908) ↗
Primary philosophical argument: A/B ordering and the regress problem; our record examples are independent illustrations.
Used in 10 articles:C001 · C007 · C013 · C019 · C025 · C031 · further uses are cited in their articles
J. M. Overduin and P. S. Wesson, Kaluza-Klein Gravity (1997; arXiv 1998) ↗
Peer-reviewed Physics Reports review of higher-dimensional metric reductions and their assumptions.
Used in 22 articles:C246 · C252 · C258 · C264 · C270 · C276 · further uses are cited in their articles
J. W. Morris (trans.), Divine “Imagination” and the Intermediate World: Ibn Arabi on the Barzakh (prepublication version; revised publication 1995) ↗
Includes an abridged primary translation of Futuhat al-Makkiyya chapter 63 with an introduction. Revised as Spiritual Imagination and the “Liminal” World: Ibn Arabi on the Barzakh, POSTDATA 15(2) (1995), pp. 42–49 and 104–109. Supports imaginal mediation and the mirror example; the modern SMM/DTT reconstruction is distinct.
Used in 12 articles:C301 · C307 · C313 · C319 · C325 · C331 · further uses are cited in their articles
J. Woodward, Making Things Happen: A Theory of Causal Explanation (2003) ↗
Original interventionist account; manipulability is idealized causal dependence, not necessarily an actual laboratory manipulation.
Used in 3 articles:J. Worrall, Structural Realism: The Best of Both Worlds? (1989) ↗
Original philosophical argument concerning continuity of mathematical structure across theory change.
Used in 1 article:John C. Baez, Division Algebras and Quantum Theory (2012) ↗
Author’s representation-theoretic account of real, complex and quaternionic structures.
Used in 2 articles:John F. Donoghue, General relativity as an effective field theory: The leading quantum corrections (1994) ↗
Peer-reviewed gravitational effective field theory; separation of infrared predictions from unknown short-distance coefficients.
Used in 50 articles:C181 · C187 · C188 · C189 · C190 · C191 · further uses are cited in their articles
Juan M. Maldacena, The Large N Limit of Superconformal Field Theories and Supergravity (1997/1998) ↗
Foundational AdS/CFT proposal, published in Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics; special dual pairs and limits, not a demonstrated cosmology of our universe.
Used in 10 articles:C185 · C191 · C197 · C203 · C209 · C215 · further uses are cited in their articles
Juan Maldacena and Leonard Susskind, Cool horizons for entangled black holes (2013) ↗
Original ER=EPR proposal; does not assert that every entangled pair has a classical traversable wormhole.
Used in 1 article:K. Fine, Guide to Ground (2012) ↗
Original philosophical treatment of grounding; dependence is distinguished from ordinary temporal causal succession.
Used in 2 articles:K. Friston, The free-energy principle: a unified brain theory? (2010) ↗
Theorist-authored account of variational free energy and biological inference; variational free energy is not automatically thermodynamic heat.
Used in 1 article:K. G. Wilson and J. Kogut, The renormalization group and the ε expansion (1974) ↗
Coarse graining, scale-dependent effective descriptions and renormalization-group flow.
Used in 1 article:K. Kraus, General state changes in quantum theory (1971) ↗
Operator-sum descriptions of quantum state changes and their normalization conditions.
Used in 1 article:K. R. Konkoly et al., Real-time dialogue between experimenters and dreamers during REM sleep (2021) ↗
Original experimental report; selected lucid dreamers communicated responses during verified REM sleep.
Used in 1 article:Krzysztof A. Meissner and Roger Penrose, The Physics of Conformal Cyclic Cosmology (2025) ↗
Dated primary proposal for conformal crossover between aeons; observational interpretations are authors’ claims, not established confirmation.
Used in 1 article:L. Albantakis et al., Integrated information theory (IIT) 4.0: Formulating the properties of phenomenal existence in physical terms (2023) ↗
Original formal theory; proposed relation of experience to intrinsic irreducible cause-effect structure. Its consciousness identity is a theoretical claim.
Used in 10 articles:C305 · C311 · C317 · C323 · C329 · C335 · further uses are cited in their articles
LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration, Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor and INTEGRAL, Gravitational Waves and Gamma-rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A (2017) ↗
Primary multimessenger observation and conditional bounds on relative gravitational/electromagnetic propagation speed.
Used in 7 articles:C229 · C230 · C231 · C232 · C233 · C234 · further uses are cited in their articles
M. Visser, How to Wick rotate generic curved spacetime (2017 posting of a 1991 essay) ↗
Original mathematical proposal emphasizing complex metric deformation; analytic continuation is not a physical temporal trajectory.
Used in 2 articles:Mark Van Raamsdonk, Building up spacetime with quantum entanglement (2010) ↗
Original holographic argument connecting entanglement and bulk connectivity; a restricted setting.
Used in 2 articles:Mohamed Haj Yousef, Philosophy of time and creation, SMONAD ↗
Author’s philosophical discussion of source, dependence, renewal and records.
Used in 60 articles:C301 · C302 · C303 · C304 · C305 · C306 · further uses are cited in their articles
Mohamed Haj Yousef, Six inner stages and one publication interface (SMONAD, 2026) ↗
Author’s explicit nested-level counter example and limitations of its six-channel lower bound.
Used in 146 articles:C061 · C062 · C063 · C064 · C065 · C066 · further uses are cited in their articles
Mohamed Haj Yousef, The duality-of-time postulate, SMONAD ↗
Author’s presentation of SMM/DTT; source ontology and nested inner generation distinguished from outer completion.
Used in 110 articles:C001 · C002 · C003 · C004 · C005 · C006 · further uses are cited in their articles
Murray Gell-Mann and Francis E. Low, Quantum Electrodynamics at Small Distances (1954) ↗
Primary analysis underlying the scale dependence of electromagnetic response and renormalization-group reasoning.
Used in 2 articles:NIST, CODATA value: fine-structure constant ↗
Official metrology reference for the measured fine-structure constant; consulted 17 October 2026, values below are deliberately rounded.
Used in 24 articles:C241 · C247 · C253 · C259 · C265 · C271 · further uses are cited in their articles
O. Aharony et al., Large N Field Theories, String Theory and Gravity (2000) ↗
Foundational technical review of AdS/CFT by its developers; not an established dual of our cosmology.
Used in 6 articles:O. Oreshkov, F. Costa and C. Brukner, Quantum correlations with no causal order (2012) ↗
Original process-matrix framework; operational probabilities without assumed global causal order.
Used in 1 article:P. McFadden and K. Skenderis, Holography for Cosmology (2010) ↗
Specific holographic cosmology proposal relating primordial observables to a three-dimensional QFT.
Used in 20 articles:C066 · C072 · C078 · C084 · C090 · C091 · further uses are cited in their articles
P. W. Higgs, Spontaneous Symmetry Breakdown without Massless Bosons (1966) ↗
Original gauge-symmetry-breaking analysis. A fixed-gauge field expectation is distinct from an observable local gauge violation.
Used in 1 article:Paul Busch, Quantum States and Generalized Observables: A Simple Proof of Gleason’s Theorem (2003) ↗
Original probability-representation theorem; its effect-additivity assumptions remain essential.
Used in 27 articles:C133 · C134 · C135 · C136 · C137 · C138 · further uses are cited in their articles
Pierre Touboul et al., MICROSCOPE mission: final results of the test of the Equivalence Principle (2022) ↗
Primary experimental publication testing the differential acceleration of titanium and platinum test masses.
Used in 9 articles:C193 · C194 · C195 · C196 · C197 · C198 · further uses are cited in their articles
Planck Collaboration, Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters (2020; corrigendum 2021) ↗
Primary CMB likelihood results and model-conditional ΛCDM parameters; historical benchmark, not a claim of latest constraints.
Used in 28 articles:C063 · C069 · C075 · C079 · C080 · C081 · further uses are cited in their articles
Plotinus, Ennead III.7: Time and Eternity, translated by Stephen MacKenna ↗
Primary Neoplatonic text distinguishing eternity from indefinitely prolonged duration.
Used in 2 articles:R. Bousso, A Covariant Entropy Conjecture (1999) ↗
The light-sheet entropy bound; cited as a conjecture with a specified geometric domain.
Used in 1 article:R. Brunetti, K. Fredenhagen and R. Verch, The generally covariant locality principle — A new paradigm for local quantum physics (2003) ↗
Original locally covariant formulation of quantum field theory and algebraic locality.
Used in 4 articles:R. Bufalo, M. Oksanen and A. Tureanu, How unimodular gravity theories differ from general relativity at quantum level (2015) ↗
Original comparison of constrained and covariant unimodular formulations and their quantization.
Used in 15 articles:C064 · C070 · C073 · C074 · C075 · C076 · further uses are cited in their articles
R. C. Tolman and P. Ehrenfest, Temperature Equilibrium in a Static Gravitational Field (1930) ↗
The equilibrium condition relating local temperature to the static gravitational redshift.
Used in 1 article:R. Horodecki, J. K. Korbicz and P. Horodecki, Quantum origins of objectivity (2015) ↗
Spectrum broadcast structures and an operational formulation of shared, nondisturbing records under stated assumptions.
Used in 1 article:R. L. Jaffe, The Casimir Effect and the Quantum Vacuum (2005) ↗
Original analysis distinguishing calculable material forces from claims about absolute zero-point energy.
Used in 6 articles:R. Landauer, Irreversibility and Heat Generation in the Computing Process (1961) ↗
Original thermodynamics of logically irreversible computation; used with stated equilibrium and memory assumptions.
Used in 3 articles:Robert B. Griffiths, Consistent histories and the interpretation of quantum mechanics (1984) ↗
Original consistency conditions for probabilities of quantum histories.
Used in 2 articles:S. Bose et al., A Spin Entanglement Witness for Quantum Gravity (2017) ↗
Original proposed gravity-mediated entanglement experiment; proposal rather than reported detection.
Used in 1 article:S. Coleman, Fate of the false vacuum: Semiclassical theory (1977) ↗
Original semiclassical tunnelling calculation; metastability requires a specified potential, action and prefactor.
Used in 1 article:S. Deffner and S. Campbell, Quantum speed limits: from Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle to optimal quantum control (2017) ↗
Quantum-state distinguishability bounds, including Mandelstam–Tamm and Margolus–Levitin limits.
Used in 1 article:S. W. Hawking, Chronology protection conjecture (1992) ↗
Causal difficulties associated with closed timelike curves; the conjecture is not a general proof for all quantum-gravity models.
Used in 1 article:Sin-itiro Tomonaga, On a Relativistically Invariant Formulation of the Quantum Theory of Wave Fields (1946) ↗
Original hypersurface-based relativistic field evolution.
Used in 1 article:SMONAD, From retained records to normalized coupling (2026) ↗
Response operators, normalization and the remaining physical matching problem.
Used in 2 articles:SMONAD, The structural count 137 (2026) ↗
The selected retention grammar and its conditional record count.
Used in 4 articles:SMONAD, Three-dimensional readout: from source algebra to spatial geometry (2026) ↗
The distinction between local quaternionic readout and a spatial metric or manifold.
Used in 4 articles:Steffen Gielen, Daniele Oriti and Lorenzo Sindoni, Cosmology from Group Field Theory Formalism for Quantum Gravity (2013) ↗
Peer-reviewed derivation of condensate effective cosmology under state and approximation assumptions.
Used in 1 article:Stephen L. Adler, Quaternionic Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Fields (1995) ↗
Author monograph on quaternionic Hilbert-space quantum theory, which is distinct from using quaternions to represent rotations.
Used in 1 article:Stephen P. Martin, A Supersymmetry Primer (1997; revised 2016) ↗
Author review of superalgebras, supermultiplets, soft breaking and MSSM phenomenology; supersymmetric extensions are candidate theories.
Used in 27 articles:C241 · C242 · C243 · C244 · C245 · C246 · further uses are cited in their articles
Steven Weinberg, A Model of Leptons (1967) ↗
Primary electroweak model paper; gauge structure, Higgs symmetry breaking and lepton mass terms.
Used in 52 articles:C241 · C242 · C243 · C244 · C245 · C246 · further uses are cited in their articles
Steven Weinberg, The cosmological constant problem (1989) ↗
Peer-reviewed review of vacuum energy, gravity and the cosmological constant fine-tuning problem.
Used in 2 articles:Stuart Raby, Grand Unified Theories (2006) ↗
Author overview of candidate GUT constructions, gauge unification and proton-decay constraints.
Used in 16 articles:C242 · C247 · C248 · C249 · C250 · C251 · further uses are cited in their articles
Sumati Surya, The causal set approach to quantum gravity (2019) ↗
Peer-reviewed Living Reviews article: locally finite partial orders, Lorentz-invariant sprinkling, dimension and continuum reconstruction.
Used in 30 articles:C181 · C182 · C183 · C184 · C185 · C186 · further uses are cited in their articles
T. H. R. Skyrme, A non-linear field theory (1961) ↗
Foundational nonlinear field model with particle-like configurations; publisher DOI and bibliographic metadata verified.
Used in 1 article:Ted Jacobson, Introduction to Quantum Fields in Curved Spacetime and the Hawking Effect (2003; revised 2004) ↗
Author’s technical lectures on state dependence, particle production, Hawking radiation and primordial perturbations.
Used in 50 articles:C061 · C062 · C063 · C064 · C065 · C066 · further uses are cited in their articles
Ted Jacobson, Thermodynamics of Spacetime: The Einstein Equation of State (1995) ↗
Peer-reviewed derivation conditional on local horizon thermodynamics, area entropy and the Clausius relation.
Used in 24 articles:C186 · C192 · C198 · C204 · C205 · C206 · further uses are cited in their articles
Tullio Regge, General relativity without coordinates (1961) ↗
Primary piecewise-flat curvature and gravitational-action construction.
Used in 1 article:V. Alan Kostelecký and Neil Russell, Data Tables for Lorentz and CPT Violation (2008 onward) ↗
Maintained primary compilation of operator-specific Lorentz/CPT bounds; this comparison does not assume one universal bound applies to every theory.
Used in 9 articles:C199 · C200 · C201 · C202 · C203 · C204 · further uses are cited in their articles
W. Pauli, The Connection Between Spin and Statistics (1940) ↗
The relativistic connection between field spin and statistics under physical consistency assumptions.
Used in 1 article:Wojciech H. Zurek, Quantum Darwinism (2009) ↗
Author’s account of redundant environmental records and pointer states; Nature Physics 5, 181–188.
Used in 14 articles:C127 · C128 · C129 · C130 · C131 · C132 · further uses are cited in their articles
Y. Aharonov, L. Davidovich and N. Zagury, Quantum random walks (1993) ↗
Original quantum-walk construction; discrete updates alone do not prove a fundamental spacetime lattice.
Used in 1 article:Y. Aharonov, P. G. Bergmann and J. L. Lebowitz, Time Symmetry in the Quantum Process of Measurement (1964) ↗
Original pre/postselection probability rule; neither hidden six-level dynamics nor controllable backwards signalling follows from it.
Used in 10 articles:C005 · C011 · C017 · C023 · C029 · C035 · further uses are cited in their articles
Y. Fukuda et al. (Super-Kamiokande Collaboration), Evidence for Oscillation of Atmospheric Neutrinos (1998) ↗
Original atmospheric-neutrino evidence; this guide uses a symbolic two-flavour benchmark, not a current global parameter fit.
Used in 1 article: